 Natalie Krivova | ||
Sources of Space Weather and Space Climate
Focus Area 1 addresses the cross-scale coupling processes governing the origin and evolution of the sources of space weather and space climate. This includes the solar dynamo and magnetic-field evolution, radiative energy output and its variability, the origin and structure of the solar wind, solar and interplanetary transients, solar energetic particles, solar extreme events, and the modulation of galactic cosmic rays—across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales.
By combining advanced multi-point observations, state-of-the-art physics-based modelling, machine-learning approaches, and long-term solar and heliospheric datasets, the main goals are to:
• constrain models of the solar dynamo and long-term solar activity;
• clarify the magnetic and plasma processes underlying solar eruptions and interplanetary transients;
• improve understanding and forecasting of the radiation environment in interplanetary and near-Earth space;
• characterise the full range of solar variability, including extreme events;
• deepen knowledge of how energetic particles and solar wind structures propagate and interact through the heliosphere.
Through international coordination — such as community working groups, shared data efforts, collaborative campaigns, and interdisciplinary meetings — this focus area supports global research aimed at improving understanding of these coupled processes, strengthening links between solar, heliospheric, and cosmic-ray communities, and enhancing the scientific basis for space-weather and space-climate applications.
The working group topics for Focus Area 1 are shown in the following table. Please contact the working group leaders for more information.
| Working Group Topic | Leader | Institution | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solar-Stellar Connections | Sowmya Krishnamurthy | Uni. Graz, Austria | sowmya.krishnamurthy@uni-graz.at |
| Solar Energetic Particles and Extreme Solar Particle Events | Sergey Koldobskiy | Uni. Oulu, Finland | koldobsky.sergey@gmail.com |
| Long-term solar activity | Theodosios Chatzistergos | MPS, Germany | chatzistergos@mps.mpg.de |